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T&T GPC/SEC: Do's and Don'ts in GPC/SEC Light Scattering
Light scattering (LS) is one of the few absolute, theoretically founded methods for the determination of molar mass and molecular size of polymers and biopolymers. Light scattering instruments became…
Language
Publication Number
20296
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2009
Publication date
26.02.2009
Issue
2
Author
D. Held
T&T GPC/SEC: Evaporative Light Scattering Detection in GPC/SEC
Introduced in the 1980s, evaporative light scattering detectors (ELSDs) have been used in liquid chromatography (LC) as sensitive, universal detectors for the detection of non-volatile sample…
Language
Publication Number
20411
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2013
Publication date
28.10.2013
Issue
10
Author
D. Held
T&T GPC/SEC: Examining accuracy and precision in GPC/SEC
Any analytical method has its intrinsic inaccuracy. It is important to know these limits and the accuracy and presicion to interpret the results in the right way.
Language
Publication Number
20271
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2008
Publication date
16.04.2008
Issue
2
Author
F. Gores, P.Kilz
T&T GPC/SEC: Finding the Right Standards
Polystyrenes (PS) are the most commonly used reference standards in gel permeation chromatography/size-exclusion chromatography (GPC/SEC) for nearly all organic GPC/SEC separations including high…
Language
Publication Number
20447
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2015
Publication date
18.12.2015
Issue
6
Author
D. Held, J. Preis, F. Gores
T&T GPC/SEC: Flow Marker - An Easy Concept to Increase Reproducibility
Experienced gel permeation chromatography/size-exclusion chromatography (GPC/SEC) users know that equilibration of the columns takes much longer than the time needed by the pump to produce a constant…
Language
Publication Number
20449
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2016
Publication date
21.04.2016
Issue
4
Author
D. Held, W. Radke
T&T GPC/SEC: From a Chromatogram to the Molar Mass Distribution
Molar masses cannot be measured directly by gel permeation/size-exclusion chromatography (GPC/SEC). The direct results of a GPC/SEC run are chromatograms or elugrams, which show the detector signal…
Language
Publication Number
20434
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2014
Publication date
17.12.2014
Issue
12
Author
P. Kilz, D. Held
T&T GPC/SEC: GPC/SEC for Membrane Analysis
Membranes play an important role in living species as well as in technical processes, including in human care (for example, in kidney treatment). This instalment of Tips & Tricks discusses gel…
Language
Publication Number
20445
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2016
Publication date
28.10.2016
Issue
10
Author
D. Held, P. Kilz
T&T GPC/SEC: High Temperature GPC versus Ambient GPC
Gel permeation chromatography/size-exclusion chromatography (GPC/SEC) is the standard technique to determine the molar mass distribution of synthetic macromolecules. However, some kinds of polymers…
Language
Publication Number
20479
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2019
Publication date
29.08.2019
Issue
8
Author
D. Held, P. Montag
T&T GPC/SEC: How do I calibrate a GPC/SEC system?
GPC/SEC is the method of choice for characterizing macromolecules by distribution (MMD). It is an easy to use method and measurements can be done using standard LC equipment, proper high resolution…
Language
Publication Number
20273
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2008
Publication date
04.12.2008
Issue
6
Author
D. Held
T&T GPC/SEC: How do I find the optimum sample concentration and injection volume for my GPC/SEC measurements?
Larger signals and improved signal-to- noise ratios can be achieved by increasing the sample concentration or the injection volume. However, a large signal is not always the best answer and does not…
Language
Publication Number
20246
Publication Type
Tip&Trick
Source
The Column
Year
2007
Publication date
01.03.2007
Issue
2
Author
T. Hofe